Kodi kulawa vinyo mu masitepe anayi?

Vinyokulawa ndichinthu chomwe aliyense angachite, chomwe mungafune ndi kapu ya vinyo ndi ubongo wanu.

Pali njira zinayi zolawa vinyo: kuwona, kununkhiza, kulawa ndi kunena. Tiyeni tiwatenge mmodzimmodzi.

Choyamba, yang'anani - masomphenya

Kuyang'ana mosamala maonekedwe a vinyo ndi chinthu choyamba kuchita mukamalawa vinyo. Maonekedwe a vinyo angapereke chidziwitso cha mpesa wa vinyo, momwe wakalamba, momwe alili panopa komanso acidity yake. Kawirikawiri, m'pofunika kusanthula mbali zitatu: kumveka bwino, mphamvu yamtundu, ndi mtundu.

1. Mtundu: Mwachidule, wofiira ndi vinyo wofiira, pichesi ndi vinyo wa rose, woyera ndi vinyo woyera. Mawu ofotokozera mtunduwo akhoza kukhala: wofiira: njerwa zofiira, zamtengo wapatali, zofiira zachitumbuwa, zofiira za sitiroberi, zofiira zofiira, zofiira za garnet, etc.; Choyera: kristalo woyera, chikasu chowala, golide wonyezimira, amber, udzu wachikasu, udzu wachikasu, ndi zina zotero. Pofotokoza mtundu, mtundu wapakati ndi m'mphepete mwa vinyo ndi wosiyana, ndipo mtundu wa m'mphepete ndi wabwino pofotokoza mtundu.

2. Kuchuluka kwa mtundu: mtundu wa vinyo umachokera ku chikopa cha mphesa, chifukwa vinyo wofiira satenga njira yopangira peel, motero mtundu wake umakhala wakuda kwambiri, ndipo vinyo woyera nthawi zambiri amafunikira kusenda, kuti mtundu wake ukhale wopepuka. Pigment ya vinyo idzazimiririka pang'onopang'ono pamene vinyo akukalamba. Okonda vinyo odziwa bwino amalingalira za mpesa wa vinyo kutengera kusintha kwa mtundu. Inde, chinthu chomwe chiyenera kukhala mtundu wa vinyo si chaka chokha, komanso chokhudzana ndi zinthu zina.

3. Kufotokozera: Onani ngati vinyo ali ndi zonyansa, kaya ndi zowonekera, zamtambo kapena ayi?

Vinyo wabwino ayenera kukhala womveka komanso wowonekera. Ngati kuli mitambo, ikhoza kuipitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya, kapena imakhala ndi zonyansa zina ndipo sichisefedwa. Zachidziwikire, mavinyo ena abwino amakhala ndi mvula, koma onetsetsani kuti mumvetsetsa kuti mvula sikutanthauza chipwirikiti. Vinyo woyera nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mpweya kuposa vinyo wofiira, vinyo woyera wina sakhazikika chithandizo, padzakhala tartaric acid crystallization, ndiko kuti, "vinyo wa diamondi". Vinyo wofiira wokalamba nthawi zambiri amawotchedwa, matope nthawi zambiri amakhala tartaric acid crystallization, peel precipitation, lees ndi mapuloteni, ndipo tsopano pali vinyo wabwino ambiri omwe sadzakhala kusefera kosakwanira kuti asunge kukoma kwake kwa vinyo. Kusungidwa kwa vinyo kungathe kuwonetsedwa ndi malo a sediment, ngati pali matope kumbali imodzi ya botolo la vinyo, zikutanthauza kuti botolo la vinyo limasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Decanter imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa vinyo omwe akhazikika.

2. Kununkha -- kununkhiza

Mutatha kuthira vinyo mu galasi, musanayambe kugwedeza chikho, mukhoza kununkhiza, panthawiyi mphuno kuti ivomereze fungo lotchedwa "static fungo", fungo ili ndi lofooka kwambiri, ndiyeno chikho chogwedeza chopepuka, kotero kuti fungo la thupi la vinyo limagawidwa pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono kuti mumve fungo lake. Kumbukirani kuti musapitirize kugwedeza galasi.

Sanjani mawu afungo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kupewa zomwe zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza mwachidule fungolo.

Kukoma kwa mabulosi ofiira: chitumbuwa, sitiroberi, kiranberi, rasipiberi, ndi zina zotero, makamaka zimawoneka ngati fungo lokoma, vinyo wonyezimira wonyezimira, monga Pinot Noir, Camry, Grenache ndi zina zotero.Kukoma kwa mabulosi ofiira: chitumbuwa, sitiroberi, kiranberi, rasipiberi, etc., makamaka amawonekera mu fungo lokoma, vinyo wonyezimira wa Pinot, vinyo wofiira, Camche, ndi Camche.

Kukoma kwa mabulosi akuda: mabulosi abulu, maula wakuda, mabulosi, black currant, ndi zina zotero, nthawi zambiri amawoneka onunkhira bwino, vinyo wofiira wakuda, monga syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon.

Kununkhira kwa zipatso: citrus, mandimu, apulo wobiriwira, etc., makamaka amawoneka mu vinyo woyera, monga Chenin blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling ndi zina zotero.

Mawu ena onunkhira: Truffle, nthaka, fungo la mchere, udzu, tiyi wobiriwira, amondi wokazinga, maluwa a rose, etc.

3. Kulawa -- kulawa

Kulawa kumatanthauza kukoma kwa vinyo, zomwe makamaka zimadalira kukoma, acidity, tannin ndi pambuyo pake.

Kutsekemera:Vinyoamagawidwa kukhala okoma, theka-lokoma, owuma ndi theka-wouma, mtundu wotsekemera uli ndi shuga wambiri, mtundu wouma uli ndi shuga wambiri, tiyenera kuyamikira kukoma kwake.

Acidity: Momwe mungakwaniritsire zotsekemera ndi zowawasa, thupi lathunthu, ndilofunika kwambiri kulawa. Ngati acidity ndi yochulukirapo, imakhala ya acidic kwambiri, ngati ili yotsika kwambiri, imakhala yopanda mphamvu.

Tannins: Tannins amapezeka makamaka mu zikopa za mphesa, njere ndi zimayambira, ndipo zomwe zili mu tannins zimatha kudziwa kukoma kwa vinyo. Kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe. Vinyo wouma kwambiri amafunikira tannin kufotokoza kapangidwe kake, ngati kusowa kwa tannin, thupi lidzakhala lochepa thupi komanso lofooka, tannin wolemera vinyo wofiira akhoza kupirira yosungirako, mu ubatizo wa zaka kusonyeza kaimidwe wangwiro.

Kumva kukoma: Pambuyo pomeza vinyo kapena kulavulidwa, fungo lake limayamba kumveka pang’onopang’ono m’kamwa, ndipo fungo lovutalo limamveka motsatizanatsatizana. Kutalika ndi zovuta ndizofotokozera za vinyo wabwino.

Chachinayi, nenani - perekani mwachidule

Chiwerengero chonsecho chimayambira pa mfundo 50, ndipo mfundo 50 zotsalazo zimapangidwa ndi zigawo zina zinayi, kukoma ndi kapangidwe kake: mfundo 20; Kununkhira: Mphindi 15; Ubwino wonse ndi kuthekera :10, mtundu ndi mawonekedwe: 5.

Momwe munganenere komanso momwe munganenere ndi kulumikizana kofunikira kwambiri, zitha kufotokozedwa pang'onopang'ono kudzera munjira zitatu zam'mbuyo za zolemba, vinyo sadzawoneka mavuto akulu.