Pehea e ʻono ai i ka waina ma nā ʻanuʻu ʻehā?

WaionaʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana he mea hiki i kekahi ke hana, ʻo ke kīʻaha waina a me kou lolo wale nō āu e makemake ai.

ʻEhā mau ʻanuʻu i ka ʻono waina: ʻike, honi, ʻono a ʻōlelo. E lawe pakahi kakou.

ʻO ka mua, nānā - ʻike

ʻO ka nānā pono ʻana i ke ʻano o ka waina ka mea mua e hana ai i ka wā e ʻono ai i ka waina. Hiki i ke ʻano o ka waina ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka waina, pehea ka lōʻihi o kona ʻelemakule, kona kūlana i kēia manawa a me kona ʻakika. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, pono ke kālailai ʻana mai ʻekolu mau ʻano: ka mālamalama, ka ikaika o ke kala, a me ke kala.

1. Ka waihoʻoluʻu: ʻO ka ʻulaʻula ka waina ʻulaʻula, ʻo ka peach ka waina rose, ke keʻokeʻo ka waina keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā huaʻōlelo e wehewehe ana i ka waihoʻoluʻu hiki ke: ʻulaʻula: ʻulaʻula brick, ʻulaʻula gem, ʻulaʻula cherry, ʻulaʻula strawberry, ʻulaʻula rose, ʻulaʻula garnet, etc.; Keʻokeʻo: keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, melemele māmā, ke gula māmā, amber, straw yellow, straw yellow, etc. I ka wehewehe ʻana i ke kala, ʻokoʻa ke kala o ka waena a me ka lihi o ka waina, a ʻo ke kala o ka ʻaoʻao he OK ke wehewehe i ke kala.

2. ʻO ke kala kala: ʻo ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka waina mai ka ʻili hua waina, no ka mea ʻaʻole lawe ka waina ʻulaʻula i ke kaʻina hana peel brewing, no laila e ʻoi aku ka ʻeleʻele o ka waihoʻoluʻu, a ʻo ka waina keʻokeʻo maʻamau e pono e peeled brewing, no laila ua māmā ke kala. E mae mālie ka puaʻa o ka waina i ka wā e ulu ana ka waina. E koho ka poʻe ʻono waina ʻike i ke ʻano o ka waina ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kala. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea e pono ai ke kala o ka waina ʻaʻole wale ka makahiki, akā pili pū kekahi i nā mea ʻē aʻe.

3. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa: E nānā inā he haumia paha ka waina, inā he aniani, ʻeleʻele a ʻaʻole paha?

Pono ka waina maikaʻi e maʻalahi a maopopo. Inā ʻeleʻele, hiki ke hoʻohaumia ʻia e ka bacteria, a i ʻole he mau mea haumia a ʻaʻole kānana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi mau waina maikaʻi i ka ua, akā e hoʻomaopopo ʻoe ʻaʻole ʻo ka ua ka manaʻo o ka turbidity. ʻO ka waina keʻokeʻo pinepine pinepine i ka ua ma mua o ka waina ʻulaʻula, ʻaʻole paʻa kekahi waina keʻokeʻo, aia ka tartaric acid crystallization, ʻo ia hoʻi, "wine daimana". ʻO ka waina ʻulaʻula kahiko e hoʻohāinu pinepine ʻia, ʻo ka sediment ka mea maʻamau tartaric acid crystallization, peel precipitation, lees a me ka protein, a i kēia manawa he nui nā waina maikaʻi ʻole e hoʻopiha piha ʻia e mālama i ka ʻono ponoʻī o ka waina. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ke kūlana mālama o ka waina e ka wahi o ka sediment, inā he sediment ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka hue waina, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka waiho ʻana o ka hue waina no ka manawa lōʻihi. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Decanter e hoʻokaʻawale i nā waina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

2. Honi -- honi

Ma hope o ka ninini ʻana i ka waina i loko o ke aniani, ma mua o ke kīʻaha haʻalulu, hiki iā ʻoe ke honi, i kēia manawa e ʻae ka ihu i ka mea ʻala, i kapa ʻia ʻo "static aroma", ua nāwaliwali loa kēia ʻala, a laila māmā ke kīʻaha haʻalulu, i puʻunaue mālie ka ʻala o ke kino waina, liʻiliʻi e ʻike i kona ʻala. E hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole e hoʻoluliluli i ke aniani.

E hoʻokaʻawale i nā huaʻōlelo ʻala i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e pale i ke kūlana paʻakikī ke hōʻuluʻulu i ka ʻala.

ʻO ka ʻala ʻulaʻula: cherry, strawberry, cranberry, raspberry, etc., ʻike nui ʻia i ka ʻala ʻala, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka waina ʻulaʻula, e like me Pinot Noir, Camry, Grenache a pēlā aku.

ʻO ka ʻono ʻeleʻele: blueberry, plum ʻeleʻele, mulberry, currant ʻeleʻele, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka ʻala momona, ʻeleʻele ʻulaʻula waina, e like me syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon.

ʻO ka ʻala hua: citrus, lemon, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻike nui ʻia i ka waina keʻokeʻo, e like me Chenin blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling a pēlā aku.

ʻO nā huaʻōlelo ʻala ʻē aʻe: Truffle, honua, ʻala mineral, mauʻu, kī ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻalemona i kālua ʻia, pua rose, etc.

3. ʻono -- ʻono

ʻO ka ʻono e pili ana i ka ʻono o ka waina, e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka ʻono, ka acidity, tannin a me ka hope.

ʻono:Waionaua māhele ʻia i loko o ka ʻono, semi-sweet, maloʻo a me ka semi-maloʻo, ʻano momona ka nui o ke kō, ʻo ka ʻano maloʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ke kō, pono mākou e mahalo i ka ʻono.

Acidity: Pehea e hoʻokō ai i ke kaulike ʻono a me ka ʻawaʻawa, ke kino piha, ʻo ia ka mea nui e ʻono ai. Inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka ʻakika, ʻākaʻikaʻi loa, inā haʻahaʻa loa, nele i ke ola.

Tannins: Loaʻa ka tannins i loko o nā ʻili waina, nā ʻanoʻano a me nā ʻōpala, a hiki i ka ʻike o nā tannins ke hoʻoholo i ka ʻono o ka waina. Kapili a me ke kino. ʻO ka waina maloʻo loa e pono ai ka tannin e hōʻike i kona hoʻolālā, ināʻo ka nele o ka tannin, e lahilahi ke kino a nāwaliwali, hiki i ka wainaʻulaʻula waiwai ke kū i ka waihoʻana, i ka bapetizoʻana o nā makahiki e hōʻike i ke kūlana kūpono.

Ma hope o ka ʻono: Ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i kahi inu waina a i ʻole kuha ʻia, hoʻomaka ka ʻala e wehe mālie i ka waha, a wehe ʻia ka ʻala paʻakikī i kēlā me kēia papa. ʻO ka lōʻihi a paʻakikī ka hōʻike o ka waina maikaʻi.

ʻEhā, ʻōlelo - hōʻuluʻulu

Hoʻomaka ka helu helu maʻamau mai nā helu 50, a ʻo nā helu 50 i koe e hana ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻehā ʻē aʻe, ka ʻono a me ke ʻano: 20 mau helu; ʻAla: 15 mau minuke; ʻO ka maikaʻi a me ka hiki: 10, ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ke ʻano: 5.

Pehea e ʻōlelo ai a pehea e ʻōlelo ai he loulou koʻikoʻi, hiki ke wehewehe ʻia i kēlā me kēia pae ma o nā ʻanuʻu ʻekolu o ka moʻolelo, ʻaʻole e ʻike ʻia ka waina i nā pilikia nui.